With respect to remarks by Gretchen Whitney-- "[Libraries] just aren't trusted information resources." Do you mean "trusted" or do you mean something more akin to "convenient" or perhaps something akin to "easy and understandable"? If the students rarely go to a library or have rarely gone to a library to find information, would their reaction to it be a matter of trust or of something else? Trust or the lack of it sounds like they went to a library but got bad information or no information at all at some point, or perceived that they did. --------------------- "[Finding information gave] them a sense of personal empowerment. " The word "empowerment" has been used for rationalizing library service for some years now. Witness the book _Information power : guidelines for school library media programs / prepared by the American Association of School Librarians and Association for Educational Communications and Technology_ (Chicago: ALA, 1988). The gist of it is that finding relevant information is personally empowering. But, what does empowerment really mean? Perhaps more importantly, can such personal empowerment be measured any more than, say, earlier general library aspirations such as "self-improvement through reading" or "adult education", two phrases that come from the periods 1850 to about 1900 and 1925 to about 1965 or so, respectively. --------------------------------------- "The situation is bad enough for young people. They can't find the sex information that they need, and are driven to other resources, for example. Libraries don't tell them how to avoid STDs, and don't tell them who can." It would be interesting to hear Ann Bishop of UIUC comment on this rather general assertion given the nature of her community involvement sense of library service. "The situation is worse, far worse, for seniors, who seek info on Social Security, the national financial situation, their pensions, their retirement accounts, and the like. Libraries (in my experience) simply run from these issues. They themselves are untrained in these issues, and they have no earthly idea how to refer users to others trained in these issues. Again, they don't know how to refer folks to people who DO understand these issues." Do we have any actual public service librarians, especially from public libraries who care to comment on the foregoing grand assertion as well as the one about youth (for which those who are involved with youth services should be able to help)? Do we have any faculty in states such as Florida (USF, or FSU) or Arizona who care to comment on such things, given the reality of older people in their states? Assertions of these kinds cause me to wonder, of course, if there is any substantive empirical evidence for them? In my own many years of involvement in libraries of several kinds, it seems to me that for every anecdote of librarians being non-responsive, there are also anecdotes for them being just the opposite--extraordinarily responsive to people's needs. Also, my own observation is that "Libraries" don't answer questions, but rather librarians do so. Assertions have also over the years caused me to ponder more than once whether the LIS professoriate may itself be sometimes out of touch with many aspects of actual library service. One anecdote from my own life pointed in that direction. I taught cataloging for years, but once (in the early 90s) when I asked a school librarian if I could bring my cataloging class to her library to work on her non-book, non-print media collection for cataloging, she agreed, but required me to come to her library by myself for an entire day, and simply sit there and observe what was going on--how the young who came into it used the library and so on and so forth. I think she strongly suspected that my pre-occupation with cataloging and other faculty duties simply gave me little sense of the reality of her everyday work situation. Well, I did the day of observation, and... I was stunned! By the end of the day, I had not only observed many spectacular services and activities that took place, but ended up with several pages of notes consisting of research ideas that could have been conducted with the school library at its focus--almost all of it in terms of what we call "information use patterns." So much for my own pre-conceptions (most of them uninformed) of what the library did with its resources and my own easy conclusions that the library (i.e., its personnel) was not a very useful or enervating place, maybe only a boring and non-responsive place. Fran Miksa Professor Emeritus School of Information The University of Texas at Austin